Библиотека · CC BY 4.0

Физика для колледжа

College Physics 2e

Иллюстрация к книге

Выберите версию

Один и тот же текст на каждом уровне, на всех языках и во всех оформлениях, что здесь есть. Выберите, потом слушайте или скачивайте.

Слушать и смотреть

Тот же плеер, который продукт даёт для вашей книги: голос, рисунки по мере того, как они рисуются, текст.

Бесплатный учебник, по которому учатся миллионы студентов-первокурсников. Первая глава о том, как физика измеряет мир: единицы, степени десяти, перевод единиц, точность, значащие цифры и быстрые оценки.

Это пробная часть: 1 из 34 (главы).

Из лекций

A bag of chips and a battery on the left, each with an arrow into a central circle labelled energy, from which arrows lead out to heat, light and motion.
A few rules behind everything

Energy changes form

Here is the heart of the matter. The world is enormously varied: birds flying in formation, flowers of every colour, lightning, gravity, the smallest particles and the largest clusters of galaxies. Over centuries people have gathered mountains of facts about all of it.

Four boxes in a loop joined by arrows: question, look into it, hypothesis and test, conclusion, with a car and a dipstick beside it.
Models, theories and laws

The method as a loop

The way of working behind all this has a long history.

On the left a turning Earth replaced by a cesium atom for the second; on the right a metal bar replaced by a beam of light for the meter.
Why we need agreed units

Second and meter, made exact

The second used to be a fraction of an average day, but the Earth's spin is slowly getting slower, so the day is getting longer and is no good as a fixed standard.

The calculation 80 m times 1 km over 1000 m equals 0.080 km, with both m units struck through.
From a proton to the universe, and back to meters

A conversion factor cancels units

With so many sizes, we constantly have to switch from one unit to another. A European recipe gives milk in liters and you want cups; a map gives a walk in feet and you want miles; a medicine label gives a dose in milligrams and you want to know how much that is in grams.

A thermometer reading 37 degrees with a band from 34 to 40, cold and fever marked at its ends.
Accurate, precise, and how sure

A thermometer three degrees off

Why should anyone care? The book's answer is a sick child and a thermometer. If the thermometer could be off by three degrees Celsius, a normal reading of thirty-seven might really mean anything from a dangerously cold thirty-four to a dangerous fever of forty.

A stick figure 2 m tall beside a tall building drawn as a stack of storeys, each two people high, totalling about 156 m.
Honest answers and good guesses

A building in people

Then the book turns the question around. Often scientists and engineers do not need many digits at all; they need a quick, sensible estimate, which the book calls a guesstimate. How far is it to a certain place, how dense is a certain object, roughly how much current flows in a circuit?

Как это сделано

Примеры для: a curious adult with school maths; add one modern instance per idea, such as a phone, a GPS, a kitchen scale, a car speedometer or a medicine dose

Источник

Лекции пересказывают с английского оригинала книгу OpenStax College Physics 2e, CC BY 4.0 edition (GitHub openstax/osbooks-college-physics-bundle at f98d7a792138), автор — Пол Питер Уроне, Роджер Хинрикс (OpenStax); книга вышла под открытой лицензией, которая разрешает пересказ и перевод. Пересказ, рисунки и голос сделаны ИИ и сверены с книгой второй моделью. Как используется ИИ.

Лекции — переработка оригинала и распространяются под той же лицензией: их можно свободно распространять и перерабатывать с указанием автора и ссылкой на эту страницу: CC BY 4.0

Ваша трудная книга — так же

Загрузите учебник или любую сложную книгу. Первые пять минут бесплатно.

Загрузить книгу